in Arabic is that the last heavy syllable is typically stressed. Hence, only a coda consonant can make syllables heavy. Short vowels in non-final open syllables are made heavy through a process of rhythmic vowel lengthening. 2. Weak - Weaker. If you know others who can use our lists ... please share this page using our site share buttons. 1.4.2. iambic pentameter (5 iambs, 10 syllables) Let us now consider two examples of extrametricality rules. Click here to read the word stress rules in English. Open Syllable Words . Using the Greek letters µ and ∑ to represent the mora and syllable, respectively, light and heavy syllables can be represented as . One of the more unusual types of poetic foot is the trochee, which is made up of a pair . syllables with greater stress as "long," "strong," "heavy" or "stressed," and to refer to syllables with lesser stress as "short" or "light" or "unstressed." In the first example, the pattern in the word rebel is "stressed," then "unstressed." DARTH VAder deCIDed to CRUSH the REBel SOLDier. A syllable is one or more letters representing a unit of spoken language consisting of a single uninterrupted sound. All words are made up of groups of letters. Spondees are feet with two stressed syllables, as in heartbreak, shortcake, and bathrobe. For example, in (8), word-final heavy -VC(C)syllables differ from heavy -VV(C) syllables, and instead go with with monomoraic light -V(C . Other languages It is noted that although nouns, adjectives and verbs display different stress patterns, in all of these, it is always the heavy syllables that attract . The evidence is drawn primarily from the behavior of epenthetic syllables . Synonym Discussion of Heavy. In words of fewer than four syllables without any heavy syllables the final syllable is stressed. Notice how the closed syllable in the second example does not draw stress onto itself. The basic building block of a poem is the foot, a stressed syllable paired with at least one unstressed syllable. In some languages, heavy syllables include both VV (branching nucleus) and VC (branching rime) syllables, contrasted with V, which is a light syllable . English is not one of those languages. For the purpose of syllable structure, however, dialects make a different type of distinction: The distinction is between open vs. closed syllables, rather than light vs. heavy as is the case in the stress system. In the preceding section, an attempt was made to identify heavy and light syllables. See more meanings of stress. How to use stress in a sentence. These are summarized as follows: 1- Super heavy syllables CVVC & CVCC. Hindi-Urdu has a stress accent, but it is not so important as in English. Light syllables have one mora, heavy syllables have two. (4) σ /bɪ/ /bi/ /bit/ σ /bɪt/ b μ ɪ b μ ɪ t σ b μ i μ σ b μ i μ t In example (4), both a and b are light syllables, while c and d are still heavy syllables. New vowels sounds create new syllables. English has its own rhythm, complete with its own vocal music. Synonym Discussion of Heavy. As heidita indicated, a heavy syllable is usually the one that gets stressed in a multi-syllable word, never a weak one. Examples include amuse, portray, and return. As the stringed pearls, each lifted in its turn. In morphological concatenation, a particular string of syllables very of-ten fails to have the optimal iambic pattern of light-heavy light-heavy, etc. These languages are weight-sensitive: they distinguish heavy (H) and light (L) syllables (see 4.5.1). Some examples are shown in (5), where the onset can be absent. The peak is the most sonorous sound in the string and is usually a vowel. Words like happy, clever, and planet are trochees. Joined Mar 15, 2009 Member Type Academic Mar 15, 2009 #4 A syllable is a unit of pronunciation. The critical distinction is between 1-mora syllables and syllables of more than one mora; all traditional Sanskrit poetic prosody depends upon this distinction between `light' and `heavy' syllables. Syllables join together sequentially to form . A branching nucleus means the syllable contains a long vowel or a diphthong, such as the word eye . In one class of meters, variously called m¯atr ¯av r.tta or m¯atr ¯achandas, each line of poetry consists of a fixed number of "beats" (m¯atr a¯), where each light syllable lasts one beat and each heavy syllable lasts two beats. Syllables are formed when a vowel pairs with a consonant to create a unit of sound. A good example of trochaic monometer, for example, is this poem entitled "Fleas": Adam Had'em. Comparative adjectives are adjectives that compare differences between the attributes of two nouns.These are often measurements, such as height, weight, depth, distance, etc., but they don't have to be. The meaning of HEAVY is having great weight; also : characterized by mass or weight. Upvote 0 Downvote. Reima (2007) stated that Arabic language has three syllable types. Analyses of the various dialects di!er in several ways. First whether they are open/closed; secondly, the stress (whether it is stressed or not). Some words have one syllable (monosyllabic), and some words have many syllables (polysyllabic). syllable meaning: 1. a single unit of speech, either a whole word or one of the parts into which a word can be…. Heavy and light syllables In Standard Chinese, most syllables have a full or VX rime, which can be VC, a diphthong, a long vowel, or occasionally a long syllabic consonant. The position of the syllable: final, second-to-last, third-to-last (For details see the entry on heavy syllables .) If you are bored from other "simple" rhyme generators, we have something interesting to you. The table also indicates each word's long vowel sound as well as the location of the open syllable - beginning (initial), middle (medial) or ending (final) of a word. In others, syllables closed by a sonorant are heavy, those closed by an obstruent are light. For example, in 'dialect', the 3rd syllable is not stressed. There are however some word families where it is necessary to take care. Greek and Latin poetry, then, are based on the organization of light and heavy syllables into feet. In Khalkha (Bosson 1964, Poppe 1970, Walker 1995), for example, stress preferentially falls on syllables containing long vowels but not on closed syllables containing short vowels. Stress falls (a) on superheavy syllables, which may occur only in 2.3. People will generally understand the meaning of a euphemism, even though you're not "coming right out with it." Heavy syllables are typically longer or more prominent than their light counterparts. If such a language includes a word with a heavy CVC syllable in In these languages heavy syllables tend to attract stress. This paper presents arguments and evidence against this assumption. the following Hausa example (catalectic mutadaarik): ⏑ ⏑ - - Also known as "magic e " syllable patterns, VC e syllables contain long vowels spelled with a single letter, followed by a single consonant, and a silent e. Examples of VC e syllables are found in wake, whale, while, yoke, yore, rude, and hare. Trochees have two syllables in the opposite order: stressed then unstressed. Example of closed syllable: 'bob, rob, bed, bat' are the few of the words having one vowel bound with the consonant in the end. Finally a super heavy syllable is anything else. The super heavy syllable consists of one consonant immediately followed by one or two vowels and end in one or two consonants as in: 2- Heavy syllables CVC & CVV. It could be that these languages, like Turkish, have no foot structure, but instead have default intonational As I mentioned above, in some analyses such syllables are treated as ending in a consonant (/naw.ta/). Words have one or more syllables. Such a syllable contains either a long vowel and a coda consonant, or a short vowel and two coda consonants. The terminology 'light' and 'heavy' comes from Sanskrit metrical theory, where laghu 'light' refers to a short syllable. Weight-sensitive languages present a correlation between syllable weight and stress, insofar as heavy syllables attract stress (Gordon 2006, Goedemans & van der Hulst 2013). Syllable definition: A syllable is a part of a word that contains a single vowel sound and that is pronounced. The English words eye [aɪ] and cat [kat] exemplify the two types of heavy syllable. 3. Note that (with the exception of a few exceptions) all syllables contain at least one vowel (a, e, i, o or u) or a vowel sound. To predict stress placement, the concept of syllable weight is needed: A light syllable (one mora) ends in short vowel /ə, ɪ, ʊ/: V; A heavy syllable (two moras) ends in a long vowel /aː, iː, uː, eː, ɛː, oː, ɔː/ or in a short vowel and a consonant: VV, VC Examples of Closed Syllable Words The following is a table consisting of several open syllable words for you to understand better. long This word has one syllable. The formal study of Since a final CVC syllable does not always attract stress, the final syllable is coded as H only if it has a long vowel, otherwise it is coded as L. Here are some more serious examples of the various meters. The syllabification is based on the Max Onset rule (Kahn 1976). Iambs have two syllables, the first being unstressed and the second being stressed. Learn more. An extensive survey of syllable weight in approximately four For example, in many tone languages, syllables differ in terms of the range of tonal contrasts which they may support. However, potential super-heavy syllables are allowed word-finally in almost all Arabic dialects, since the last timing slot in a word-final rhyme is extra-metrical — i.e., it can never bear moraic weight. Alliteration (uh-lit-uh-RAY-shun) is the deliberate repetition of a sound at the beginning of two or more words, stressed syllables, or both.The word derives from the Medieval Latin word alliteratio.The English word alliteration was first used in the 17th century.. Because it joins words together in a similar way to rhyme, alliteration is sometimes referred to as head . However, all the consonants in a syllable are treated equally. They can help you avoid being overly blunt and remain in a tone of politeness. Coda consonant. For example, the first syllable of nau.ta is heavy. The 'weight' of the syllable: Heavy syllables: syllables which contain — a long vowel or diphthong — any vowel followed by two or more consonants Light syllables: — all others = — short vowels followed by a single consonant — short vowels at the end of a word 3. We can also use comparative adjectives to compare non-physical characteristics. When syllables are identified by their weight, they are classified as light, heavy, or superheavy. Heavy syllables are the equivalent of light - light in many systems of quantitative meter, e.g. Light syllables have only one mora (i.e. Heavy syllables attract stress in many languages. We also provide the syllabication for each word to emphasize the open syllable concept. Here are a few examples: Big - Bigger. Click to see full answer Keeping this in consideration, what is a comparative for heavy? R. rponamgi New member. In Sanskrit, the light syllable is called "laghu" whereas; heavy syllables are called "guru" which is related to the English word "grave" Analyzing syllables. Syllables can be heavy or light: heavy syllables include those with long vowels, and those before consonant clusters. Soft - Softer. | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples ated by a heavy syllable. Trochaic Meter: Examples and Definition of Trochee in Poetry - 2021 - MasterClass. Examples of Euphemisms. In this schematic example it is assumed that closed syllables are heavy; this is not true for all languages, and below I note what situation holds in each case. Numerous schemes for categorization are attested; for instance, a language An example of such a language is Amele (Madang, Trans-New Guinea; Papua New Guinea): ˈnifula (kind of beetle) itiˈtom . Every long vowel can be spelled with a VC e pattern, although spelling "long e " with VC e is unusual. a word. Thus, while most languages allow level tones on all syllable types, many restrict contour tones to certain heavy syllables. 3.0 Function of heavy syllables in the phonology of English language. A potential super-heavy syllable is any syllable that would normally surface How to use heavy in a sentence. The meaning of STRESS is a state of mental tension and worry caused by problems in your life, work, etc. (or heavy syllables, depending on the language) have to be stressed; when they are present in a word, the opposite edge (for example, the leftmost heavy syllable) attracts primary stress. Dim - Dimmer. A heavy heart, Beloved, have I borne. Superlative. Young - Younger. The two advantages of moraic theory are later explicated by Hayes (1995: 53). It consists of one or more vowel sounds and one or more consonant sounds. 272 Stress, Stress Rules, and Syllable Weight 14.2.2 No syllable-internal contrasts Up to now we have treated stress as a property of vowels and other [+syllabic] segments; one speaks of "stressed vowels," "unstressed vowels," and so on. For example, consider the conflict that can arise in a language with heavy CVC sylla-bles, and in which stress is located on the initial syllable of a word, due to a constraint termed ALIGN-FOOT(left) that requires a stress foot at the left edge of the word. For example, a heavy syllable can be be marked with a macron extending over the whole syllable (and possibly leaving room for marks showing vowel length below): Other methods that have been suggested is to place the macrons and breves below the relevant syllables, leaving room for diacritics above the vowels. The number of syllables in a line varies therefore according to the meter. LATIN. A syllable is only one sound. (5) Syllables with VX rimes in Standard Chinese From year to year until I saw thy face, And sorrow after sorrow took the place. In other languages, only VV syllables are considered heavy, while both VC and V syllables are light. If there are no heavy syllables in a word, then stress falls in some other predictable location. This is mainly syllables that start and end with a consonant, so for example पम pam and जान jaan are super heavy syllables. The example comes from weight effects on stress in Portuguese. Generally, the rule is that you double the last letter of a single-syllable adjective ending with consonant + vowel + consonant. For example, in many languages, the location of stress in words is determined by weight, such that stress skips over one or more light syllables in order to land on a heavy one. If the last syllable is fixed as light, we now have (n-1) slots remaining, and in this case, we have f(n-1) ways to fill the remaining slots, hence this case has f(n-1) sub-cases. For example, the first syllable of gaza is heavy, despite the short vowel followed only by one written consonant, because the Z was pronounced as two consonants and lengthens the syllable by position. between two types of syllables (aks.ara): light (laghu) and heavy (guru). A syllable containing a diphthong is heavy when there is a consonant after the diphthong (it doesn't matter whether the consonant and diphthong are in the same syllable). A heavy syllable has a branching nucleus or a branching rime. Drawing from examples in the literature, it is seen that syllable weight plays a vital role in the placement of stress in English. A syllable shorter than a heavy syllable is called a light syllable . Little attention is paid to the distinction between 2-mora and 3-mora syllables. The precise grouping of syllables into feet is subject to theoretical discussion. Thus, when a geminate consonant is present making a syllable heavy, the basic stress pattern is thrown o ; syllables closed by geminate consonants are always stressed, and feet no longer align to the beginning of the word, but instead align to syllables closed by geminates. Example of closed syllable: 'bob, rob, bed, bat' are the few of the words having one vowel bound with the consonant in the end. I considered important to look at the structure of a heavy syllable below: Sy On Rh Japanese syllables contrast in what is called syllable weight. English is a weight-sensitive language. Following his cue, we create two cases - one in which the last space is occupied by a light syllable and another in which a heavy syllable occupies it. Sometimes, you have to double the last letter before adding the -er ending. Of all those natural joys as lightly worn. 3. Nouns -if the syllable preceding the final syllable contains a long vowel or diphthong, or it ends with more one consonant . The table below contains over 150 open syllable words. For quantity, h does not count as a consonant, qu counts as only one consonant, x (=ks) and z (=sd) each count as two consonants, and "mute-liquid" combinations (b,c,d,f,g,p or t PLUS l or r) sometimes are counted as only one consonant. The meaning of HEAVY is having great weight; also : characterized by mass or weight. Moraic features are similar to Sanskrit above. These are mostly languages that have no long vowels. Sometimes a syllable which is longer than two moras is called a superheavy syllable. There are two factors that influence the pronunciation of vowels. Such syllables typically also bear a lexical tone. The syllable is the unit in which phonotactic rules operate. syllables, heavy (CVC and CVV) syllables and on the second in a sequence of light (CV) syllables. The classic example of this is the family of words based on the root noun nation.The main stress will be on different syllables depending on the way the word ends; what is important to remember, however, is that the rules above apply in each case. By a beating heart at dance-time. The first column shows the weights of the syllables, where H is a heavy syllable and L is a light syllable. L. P I G G O T T EPENTHESIS AND SYLLABLE WEIGHT* A standard assumption in the moraic theory of syllable weight is that a syllable must contain at least one mora, which is usually associated with a vowel. Here heavy is a term grouping syllables which are closed and open syllables which contain a long vowel. 1000+ R Words, Phrases, Sentences, and Reading Passages Grouped by Place, Syllable, & Blend. This section is devoted to a discussion of the functions of heavy syllablest is however . Our multi syllable rhyme generator is programmed to provide variety of rhymes for all Label the rhyme scheme of the poem, beginning with a. XXV. Euphemisms have many different uses. Hungarian is weight-insensitive because in Hungarian, a word-initial syllable of any A syllable contains an onset and a rhyme made up of a peak and coda. In the classical theory, one heavy and one light syllable could be grouped together in a foot, but in later versions of the theory (the so-called Revised Theory) heavy syllables form feet by themselves. A poem is the sum of its parts—words, rhyme scheme, meter. There are three scenarios in which knowing this could be helpful: Preserving the weight distinction between CV and CVV/CVC syllables required for stress occurs in all dialects. For example, in Kiowa (Watkins 1984), contour tones are restricted to CVV and Syllables are required to be properly placed in a sentence to convey proper meaning. According to McCarthy (1979a,b), the stress pattern of Classical Arabic (and some of its modern descendents) is based on the distinction of light (CV), heavy (CVV and CVC), and superheavy (CVVC and CVCC) syllables. One example would be 'me' [mi] or C V. Heavy syllables have two moras. A syllable longer than a light syllable is called a heavy syllable (sometimes also a superheavy syllable ). heaviest.The comparative form of heavy; more heavy.. Examples of Syllables in English. Adjective: syllabic . Stress in simple words: Predictable rules in many English words • Verbs • Stress the final syllable if heavy • For example o.'bey, a.'tone, • Stress the penultimate if light • 'ta lly, 'hu.rry • - 44. Research has shown that languages differ as to which syllables count as heavy and which as light. More subtly: they attract foot-headedness: the amazing case of ˈCVCVCV vs. CVCˈCVCV in Cairene Arabic. For example, the sequence tl is allowed as long as t and l occur in different syllables as in boot-leg [but-leg], at-las [set-Is], partly [pat-li] or litt-le [lit-J]. In instance (3), a is considered as a light syllable, whereas the other three are heavy syllables. Some heavy syllable is unstressed in a multi-syllable word. How to use heavy in a sentence. A syllable that stands alone is called a monosyllable. In some, stress never . form. A heavy syllable is either a long vowel on its own, or a consonant followed by a long vowel - so आ aa, की kee and गो go are examples of heavy syllables. Answer (1 of 2): Open syllables are those which end in a vowel, such as A-me-ri-ca or I-ta-ly; closed syllables are those that end in a consonant, like Eng-land or lap-top-bag. A syllable is made up of either a single vowel sound (as in the pronunciation of oh) or a combination of vowel and consonant (s) (as in no and not ). 1.1 Syllable Structure. Acute (VV)´ is obligatory before two syllables or a two-morasyllable, b. circumflex (VV)´ is obligatory elsewhere, except that c. word-final syllables must be acute in nominative and accusative forms. Primary stress is sensitive to a further weight distinction, treating CVV as heavier than both CV and CVC. A branching rime contains a coda of one or more consonants that audibly end the syllable, like the word cat . This correlation is further reinforced by the phonetics, given that heavy syllables tend to Syllables are organised according to the sonority principle with most sonorous components at the centre and least sonorous components at the syllable margins. A heavy syllable is dwelt on longer in pronunciation than a light syllable. Rich - Richer. Examples of Closed Syllable Words The following is a table consisting of several open syllable words for you to understand better. the sequence tl is not allowed in the same syllable, hence, the impossibility of the word tleg. syllable). For example, "syl" is a closed syllable and "la" and "ble" are open syllables. For example, light-heavy is an iamb, heavy-light is a trochee, heavy-light-light is a dactyl . Generally speaking, these rules are very easy to apply. Subsequently, question is, what is the comparative and superlative of badly? Abstract This paper examines the place of heavy syllables in relation to syllable structure in English language. That is, some syllables are "light" and some are "heavy." The unit of weight is the mora. In some languages, each syllable in each word is pronounced with the exact same stress. a short vowel and no coda). 2. As promised here are the words for your unlimited use. In some languages, closed syllables with a short vowel are also light. Alliteration Definition. In words with more than four syllables that are all light, the penultimate syllable is stressed. The pronunciation of vowels like the word eye by a sonorant are heavy, while most allow. Unlimited use syllables can be represented as contains either a long vowel or diphthong, or a,! On heavy syllables have one mora, heavy syllables CVVC & amp ; meaning - Merriam-Webster /a... Syllablest is however more serious examples of closed syllable words the following is a term syllables! Or diphthong, such as the stringed pearls, each lifted in its turn theory are explicated. Consonant to create a unit of sound advantages of moraic theory are later explicated by Hayes (:... Heavy through a process of rhythmic vowel lengthening primarily from the behavior of syllables... C V. heavy syllables. is paid to the sonority principle with most components... The Greek letters µ and ∑ to represent the mora and syllable, hence, only VV syllables organised..., you have to double the last letter of a poem is the comparative and superlative for?. Vv syllables are organised according to the sonority principle with most sonorous components at the and. ( 1995: 53 ) examples of closed syllable words for kids - EnglishBix < /a heavy syllable example Alliteration Definition syllable... Nucleus means the syllable, respectively, light and heavy syllables. lifted in its.! 7 syllable English words for you to understand better poem is the most sonorous components at the syllable preceding final... Word families where it is necessary to take care to be properly placed in a tone politeness! Use comparative Adjectives < /a > Rich - Richer consonant to create a unit of sound unstressed! From year to year until I saw thy face, and some words have syllables... Short vowels in non-final open syllables which contain a long vowel eye [ aɪ ] cat!: 1- super heavy syllables the final syllable is not stressed stressed syllable paired with at least one syllable... Section, an attempt was made to identify heavy and light syllables have two moras the equivalent light... Level tones on all syllable types, many restrict contour tones to certain heavy syllables two! Consonant, or it ends with more one consonant on all syllable types stress in.. Long vowels me & # x27 ;, the 3rd syllable is unstressed in a consonant ( ). Happy, clever, and sorrow after sorrow took the place stress is sensitive to a further weight,. पम pam and जान jaan are super heavy syllables the final syllable a. A word, then stress falls in some analyses such syllables are treated as ending a! Typically longer or more prominent than their light counterparts href= '' https: ''! '' > examples of the various dialects di! er in several ways are heavy while! A word, then stress falls in some analyses such syllables are up... I saw thy face, and some words have one syllable ( )! ˈCvcvcv vs. CVCˈCVCV in Cairene Arabic of light - light in many systems of quantitative,! Role in the literature, it is seen that syllable weight plays vital... A heavy syllable is called a monosyllable some examples are shown in ( ). Subtly: they distinguish heavy ( H ) and light ( L ) syllables see... As heavier than both CV and CVC tones on all syllable types more consonant! It is seen that syllable weight plays a vital role in the opposite order: stressed then.! Have the optimal iambic pattern of light-heavy light-heavy, etc devoted to a discussion the! Influence the pronunciation of vowels at least one unstressed syllable are summarized as:... More consonants that audibly end the syllable, hence, only VV are... Sensitive to a discussion of the word tleg impossibility of the more unusual types of poetic foot is the sonorous! Lifted in its turn CVV as heavier than both CV and CVC systems. Is mainly syllables that start and end with a short vowel and two coda.! Can use our lists... please share this page using our site share buttons more than four that. 2007 ) stated that Arabic language has three syllable types shortcake, and sorrow after sorrow took the place mora. Contains a long vowel and a coda consonant, so for example पम pam जान! Syllable English words for you to understand better of poetic foot is comparative... Rich - Richer > What is the trochee, heavy-light-light is a table consisting of several open words! Syllables tend to attract stress stress in English syllable contains a long vowel or diphthong or. Di! er in several ways - light in many systems of meter. Explicated by Hayes ( 1995: 53 ) not allowed in the opposite order stressed! Allowed in the literature, it is seen that syllable weight plays a role. Where the Onset can be absent ( Kahn 1976 ) properly placed in a tone of.!, then stress falls in some languages, closed syllables with a consonant /naw.ta/... An iamb, heavy-light is a trochee, heavy-light-light is a trochee which. A process of rhythmic vowel lengthening case of ˈCVCVCV vs. CVCˈCVCV in Cairene Arabic of. To be properly placed in a consonant to create a unit of sound contains either a long vowel a... For example, light-heavy is an iamb, heavy-light is a term grouping syllables which are and..., light and heavy syllables CVVC & amp ; CVCC considered heavy, those closed by an are... Monosyllabic ), and sorrow after sorrow took the place short vowels in non-final open which. Restrict contour tones to certain heavy syllables. some word families where it is.. Nau.Ta is heavy light-heavy, etc other predictable location sounds and one or more consonants that audibly end the,! C V. heavy syllables. to identify heavy and light ( L ) (... Moraic theory are later explicated by Hayes ( 1995: 53 ), the stress ( whether is! Of quantitative meter, e.g of politeness a sentence to convey proper meaning while both VC V... 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Whether they are open/closed ; secondly, the penultimate syllable is stressed Beloved! Use our lists... please share this page using our site share buttons follows: 1- super heavy syllables ). Are organised according to the sonority principle with most sonorous sound in the literature, it necessary. Represented as a discussion of the various meters pearls, each lifted in its turn and bathrobe heavy light! A single-syllable adjective ending with consonant + vowel + consonant languages that have long! Consonant ( /naw.ta/ ) details see the entry on heavy syllables can be represented as of comparative Adjectives to non-physical... Meter, e.g is, What is a syllable contains either a long vowel and two coda.... > a word is necessary to take care syllables very of-ten fails to have the optimal iambic pattern light-heavy... Consonant can make syllables heavy to double the last letter before adding the -er ending coda consonants ]. 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Superheavy syllable nucleus means the syllable, like the word eye have I borne sensitive to a discussion the...
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